Sangiovese and Aglianico are among the most common Italian red grape varieties of the country. Their spreading, just like any other variety, is determined by geographic and climatic conditions – Sangiovese is mainly present in Central Italy, Aglianico mainly in the South – and in their respective territories they prove to make wines with a high identity. This interesting quality – it should be noted – is also determined by the clonal differences belonging to their respective varieties, in particular Sangiovese, probably the Italian grape with the greatest number of official and identified clones. For these reasons, it is always difficult to talk about Sangiovese and Aglianico with the aim of determining a reliable reference, both for the remarkable expression and adaptability of these two grapes in the different types of soil and climate, and for the quantity of existing clones, capable of completely change the identity of their wines.

 Indeed, it is difficult to compare a Brunello di Montalcino with a Sangiovese produced in the Marche region, as well as an Aglianico del Vulture with an Aglianico produced in Apulia. Although the grapes are the same, the wines are clearly and very different, even distant. Of course, it is possible to talk about the primary and fundamental characteristics that can be typically associated to the varieties, however the differences become notable and distant, sometimes also by giving the idea – and in fact this is what we are talking about – of two different wines and, sometimes, even produced with different grapes. The same considerations obviously apply to both Colli Martani Sangiovese and Cilento Aglianico – the wines of our tasting by contrast – two expressions, with their respective varieties, which have no correspondence in other wines and territories. Conditions which, undeniably, are also strongly determined by the different and respective territorial and climatic conditions.

 Umbria, land of saints and heroes, of art and history, culture and tradition. These are just some of the definitions used to emphasize and praise the specific qualities of the green heart of Italy. Umbria, of course, is much more than this because – and not least – it is also a great land of fine food and excellent wines. Despite it is among the regions of Italy with the smallest surface area, Umbria has several wine-growing areas, recognized both with Denomination of Controlled Origin (Denominazione d'Origine Controllata, DOC), and Denomination of Controlled and Guaranteed Origin (Denominazione d'Origine Controllata e Garantita, DOCG). Among them, there is the vast wine-growing area of Colli Martani, among the largest DOCs of Umbria, both by extension and surface. Furthermore, it should be noted that the area of Montefalco DOC – the magnificent land of Sagrantino – is almost entirely contained within the Colli Martani appellation, however being two territories and distinct appellations, despite sharing many of the varieties cultivated in these areas for the production of their respective wines.

 The Colli Martani denomination also includes within its territory Todi DOC and part of the Spoleto DOC, extends from the territory of Todi up to that of Montefalco, also including Spoleto and, to the north, extends up to near the territory of Torgiano. There are two undisputed glories of this appellation: Grechetto and Sangiovese. Whether for Grechetto – the most famous white berried variety of Umbria – here it is exclusively cultivated the G5 clone, now better known as Grechetto Gentile, while the spreading of Sangiovese, here as elsewhere, consists of several clones. The production of Sangiovese in the Colli Martani is strongly affected by the climate determined by the hills found in this territory, a characteristic that is perceived, particularly, in the structure of these wines. According to the production disciplinary, Colli Martani Sangiovese is produced with at least 85% of the homonymous variety, while the remaining and possible part can be made of varieties allowed for cultivation in Umbria. The production disciplinary also provides for the Riserva style, just like for all the other red wines of the appellation.

 Aglianico del Cilento has its own personality, virtually unique and difficult to find in other territories where this extraordinary red grape variety is found. When it comes to Aglianico, its most famous enological references undeniably are Taurasi – in the province of Avellino – Taburno, in the province of Benevento, and Aglianico del Vulture, in the province of Potenza, that is in Basilicata region. These are, undeniably, extraordinary interpretations of Aglianico, however it should be considered that the wines produced in these lands and with this variety are strongly influenced by the soil where the vineyards grow, that is a soil of volcanic nature for Taurasi and Vulture, marly for Taburno. On the other hand, the soil of Cilento, in addition to being very different in composition, is characterized by the so called flysch of Cilento, a soil rich in clay and limestone. These factors, in fact, strongly influence the character of Aglianico del Cilento, giving it a personality that is absolutely unique on its own.

 According to the production disciplinary of Cilento DOC, the wines of this territory produced with Aglianico require the minimum use of 85% of the homonymous variety, while the remaining part can be represented by red berried grapes allowed to cultivation in the province of Salerno. The production disciplinary also provides for the Riserva style. In this regard, it should be noted that, although the aging in cask is mandatory for the Riserva style – at least two years – the practice of using the wooden cask is also quite common for the wine not destined to this style. The reason is certainly depending on the specific characteristics of Aglianico and, in particular, to its typical sensation of crispness given by acidity. The aging in wood, in fact, allows the rounding of this aspect, as well as giving the wine a fuller structure and astringency.

The Color or Colli Martani Sangiovese

 Before starting this month's tasting by contrast, let's proceed with the choice of the two wines that we will pour into the glasses. As already mentioned, in both cases, the respective production disciplinary provide for the use of a minimum 85% of the variety stated in the label, a characteristic that – it must be said – is common in many DOC wines of Italy and which are declared on the label as mono-varietal. For this reason, both for Colli Martani Sangiovese and Cilento Aglianico, we will make sure they are produced with the two varieties alone. We will also pay attention to the enological aging technique used for both wines and – contrary to what we generally do in our tastings by contrast – in this case the choice is in favor of the aging in large casks. The reason is mainly due to the tendency of Cilento producers who generally age their Aglianico in cask, therefore we will use the same production criteria for Colli Martani Sangiovese as well. The wines we will pour into the glasses should preferably have two years of aging and will be served in their respective tasting glasses at a temperature of 18 °C. (65 °F)

 Let's pour Colli Martani Sangiovese and Cilento Aglianico into their respective tasting glasses and begin the sensorial evaluation of the two wines, taking into consideration the Umbrian wine. Let's tilt the glass over a white surface – a sheet of paper is enough – and observe the base, in order to appreciate the color of the wine. Colli Martani Sangiovese shows a brilliant and intense ruby red color, with a medium-low transparency. By observing the wine towards the opening of the glass, where the thickness is thinner, we evaluate the nuances of the Umbrian wine, confirming the same ruby red hue. Let's now pass to the evaluation of the appearance of Cilento Aglianico and, just like the previous wine, we tilt its glass over the white surface. Let's observe the base of the glass: the wine from Campania reveals an intense and brilliant ruby red color, as well as a moderate transparency, not so different from the one of Colli Martani Sangiovese. Let's now evaluate the nuances of Cilento Aglianico by observing the wine towards the opening of the glass: also in this case the ruby red hue is confirmed.

 The olfactory profiles of the wines produced with Sangiovese and Aglianico are decidedly distant. Moreover, as already mentioned, the sensorial differences introduced by the respective clones must also be considered, although all of them express the olfactory qualities typical of the two varieties. Wines produced with Sangiovese are characterized by aromas of red and dark pulp fruits, in particular, black cherry, cherry, plum, raspberry and blueberry. Furthermore, Sangiovese has olfactory qualities that can be associated to the world of flowers, in particular violet and rose. The olfactory profile of wines produced with Aglianico, of course, is as interesting and varied as that of Sangiovese and, also for wines produced with this variety, sensations of red and dark pulp fruits are perceived. Specifically, in wines produced with Aglianico can be appreciated pleasing aromas of black cherry, blackberry and plum, frequently raspberry and strawberry, sometimes even black currant. In its wines can also be perceived olfactory sensations belonging to the world of flowers, in particular violet and cyclamen.

 Let's now pass to the evaluation of the olfactory profiles of Colli Martani Sangiovese and Cilento Aglianico, taking into consideration – as for the previous examination – the Umbrian wine. By holding the glass in vertical position and without swirling, let's proceed with the first smell in order to appreciate the opening of the wine, that is its primary and identifying aromas. From the glass emerge, clear and intense, pleasing aromas of black cherry, plum and violet, a rather common opening for wines produced with Sangiovese grape. Let's swirl the glass of the Umbrian wine and do the second smell: the profile is completed with blueberry, raspberry and rose, in addition to the typical sensations associated to the aging in wood, in particular vanilla and chocolate. Let's now pass to the evaluation of the opening of Cilento Aglianico and, by holding the glass in vertical position, without swirling, let's do the first smell. From the glass emerge intense and pleasing aromas of black cherry, plum and blackberry. After having swirled the glass and proceeded with the second smell, the wine from Campania completes its profile with violet, blueberry, raspberry, strawberry and cyclamen, in addition to the sensations produced by the aging in wood, also in this case expressed by vanilla and chocolate.

 Let's proceed with the evaluation of the gustatory profiles of the wines of our tasting by contrast, starting with the analysis of the attack of Colli Martani Sangiovese, therefore examining the primary sensations the wine expresses in the mouth at the first sip. The primary qualities perceived in the Umbrian wine are represented by a pleasing sensation of crispness that finds a prompt balance in the roundness, both of the alcohol and of the aging in wood, however having a well perceptible sensation of astringency, decidedly moderate. The structure is well perceptible – although not powerful – and can be perceived the flavors of black cherry, plum and blueberry, confirming the good correspondence to the nose. Let's move on to the evaluation of the attack of Cilento Aglianico and take a sip of the wine from Campania. In the mouth we immediately perceive the typical crispness of Aglianico, which could be defined moderate when compared to the Aglianico wines produced in volcanic soils, in addition to the perception of the effect of alcohol, however in balance with the sensation of roundness, also given by the aging in wood. The sensation of astringency is perceptible – generally more intense than Colli Martani Sangiovese – however in balance with the rest of the gustatory profile. In the mouth, finally, we perceive the flavors of black cherry, plum and blackberry, confirming the good correspondence to the nose.

 After having analyzed the gustatory profiles of the two wines, we conclude the tasting by contrast of Colli Martani Sangiovese and Cilento Aglianico with the evaluation of the final sensations perceived in the mouth after swallowing. In particular, we will evaluate the taste-olfactory persistence, that is the measure of the time during which it is possible to perceive the gustatory and aromatic sensations of the wine after having swallowed it. The finish of Colli Martani Sangiovese is persistent, leaving in the mouth a pleasing sensation of crispness in contrasts to the moderate roundness and astringency. In the mouth we continue to perceive the flavors of black cherry, plum and raspberry. The finish of Cilento Aglianico is equally persistent and, even in this wine, the sensations of crispness and pleasing roundness continue to be perceived, with a sensation of astringency generally more intense than the Umbrian wine. Among the flavors Cilento Aglianico leaves in the mouth we clearly recognize black cherry, plum and blackberry. By keeping the glasses one near to each other, let's do the last smell, first Colli Martani Sangiovese and then Cilento Aglianico, an operation that further confirms the olfactory differences of the two wines.